according to madison in federalist no. 10, what is the best method for dealing with factions?

It'south no question that the Founding Fathers played an important role in American history. When it comes to the people who did and so much for the founding of our nation, how tin can y'all keep track of everything they did? Luckily for you, we have all the tools you need to master the Fathers' contributions to the American authorities. In this APUSH crash grade review, we will talk about one of the primal documents that could appear on the AP® exam: Federalist Number 10.

What is Federalist Number 10?

Federalist No. 10 is an essay written by James Madison, which appeared in The Federalist Papers. The papers were a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay in 1787 and 1788. They argued for the ratification of the Constitution and were published under the pseudonym Publius (the Roman Publius helped overthrow the monarchy and establish the Roman Republic).

The essay's main argument was that a strong, united republic would exist more constructive than the individual states at controlling "factions" – groups of citizens united by some cause "adverse to the rights of other citizens, or to the… interests of the community." In other words, they were groups of people with radical ideas that weren't good for everyone as a whole.

Factions are controlled either by removing the causes or controlling the effects. Essentially, this means that the government tin either solve the problem with which the faction is concerned, or expect for the faction to act and repair the harm. Madison believed that removing the causes was impractical. Why? Well, he says, to get to factions' ideas at the source, you would either have to take abroad their liberty or brand information technology so everyone has the aforementioned opinions.

Taking abroad liberty was out of the question for Madison – he wrote, "Liberty is to faction what air is to burn down." Fire needs air to be, simply so do humans. Madison means that taking away freedom would destroy the factions, merely it would also destroy others' happiness. The 2d choice – giving everyone the same opinions – is likewise incommunicable. As long as humans have the ability to reason, Madison says, they will form unlike opinions. Therefore, Madison argued instead that factions must be controlled past responding to them. He wanted to practise this by giving them representation in a republican government.

The Constitution called for a republic, which elects representatives for the people. This is in contrast to a "pure democracy," which would use the popular vote. Madison believed a republic would be able to extend the authorities to more complimentary citizens of greater parts of the country, who wouldn't necessarily be able to gather, which would be required nether a pure commonwealth.

According to Federalist No. ten, a large republic volition help control factions because when more representatives are elected, there will exist a greater number of opinions. Therefore, it is far less likely that at that place will be i majority oppressing the rest of the people.

Why is Federalist Number x Important?

Federalist No. x is possibly the almost famous of The Federalist Papers, and is even regarded as one of the highest-quality political writings of all time. Some people even chosen James Madison the "Male parent of the Constitution" because of his essays' influence.

Because Federalist No. 10 and the other Federalist Papers were published nether a pseudonym, at that place was controversy surrounding them. Y'all're correct. In fact, an entire group of Americans called the Anti-Federalists spoke out against these writings. In response to The Federalist Papers, Anti-Federalists even published an impressive collection of political writings called The Anti-Federalist Papers.

Anti-Federalists opposed making the regime stronger, in the fearfulness that giving more power to a president might lead to a monarchy. Instead, they wanted state governments to have more authorization. This policy was outlined in the Articles of Confederation, the predecessor to the Constitution.

Federalist No. 10 may have had an influence on the eventual ratification of the Constitution, particularly in New York. However, information technology is hard to measure its influence for sure. What is for sure is that debaters used many of the Federalist's writings equally a kind of handbook on how to fence in favor of the Constitution.

What Yous Demand to Know for the APUSH Exam – Multiple-Choice

The multiple-option department of the APUSH exam could enquire you lot either about specific details, like the contents of Federalist No. 10, or about broader implications, similar its impact on ratification debates. Y'all should exist familiar with no only Federalist No. 10, but The Federalist Papers as a whole and the other authors, John Jay and Alexander Hamilton.

The multiple-choice section of the APUSH exam now asks you to answer to "stimulus material." This means there volition be sets of questions asking you lot about a primary or secondary source, such as a quote, painting, map, chart, etc.

Federalist No. x might be ane of those main documents. Luckily, you won't take to identify it – the source will be written below the excerpt. However, y'all should read over Federalist 10 at some point during your studying, so you're already familiar with the phrasing. That way, you tin focus on the questions sooner, instead of having to digest all the material for the first time.

College Board has not released past multiple-pick questions of this type, but here is a question similar to the ones that could announced on the APUSH exam:

Co-ordinate to Federalist No. 10, Madison thought the almost effective way to command factions was

(A)  eliminating the source of their grievances

(B)  forming a representative commonwealth that would foreclose oppression of their opponents

(C) adhering to the strong land powers outlined in the Articles of Confederation

(D) prohibiting faction assemblies

(E)  installing a pure commonwealth in which every man had equal political influence

The correct selection is B. Although Madison proposed the strategy in choice A as a potential option, he ultimately discredited it. Choice D is incorrect because Madison opposed taking abroad the factions' liberty, as information technology was like "air is to fire." Choices C and Due east straight contradict Madison's position as a Federalist – instead, they represent the Anti-Federalist side of the argue.

What You Need to Know for the APUSH Examination – Essays and Certificate-Based Questions

The Gratuitous-Response Questions and DBQs on the APUSH exam will enquire y'all to connect founding documents such as Federalist No. 10 with other events in the broader telescopic of American history. Madison'due south essay or i of the other Federalist Papers could fifty-fifty exist one of the sources for a DBQ.

Here is an case of a Free-Response Question where you could tie in Federalist No. 10 into your respond:

Clarify the ways in which the political, economic, and diplomatic crises of the 1780'south shaped the provisions of the United states of america Constitution.

If you want to write well-nigh Federalist No. x and the other essays from The Federalist Papers in your response, yous could exercise so in your give-and-take of the political crises of the 1780'south. Talk almost the debate over the Manufactures of Confederation between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists, and how Federalist No. 10 was used to convince Americans of the demand to ratify the Constitution.

Of course, yous will also need to bring in details about economic and diplomatic crises at this time, so Federalist No. ten is only one slice of the puzzle. For more details on how to bring in those other aspects, bank check out our other APUSH crash courses and the College Board'southward detailed scoring guidelines.

Congratulations – you've fabricated it through our APUSH crash course on Federalist No. x! Now you can feel confident tackling questions about one of the most important founding documents. With these tools in paw, you're well on your way to a 5 in May.

Let'south put everything into exercise. Effort this AP® US History practice question:

Looking for more APUSH practice?

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You can besides discover thousands of practice questions on Albert.io. Albert.io lets you customize your learning experience to target practice where yous need the most aid. We'll give you challenging practise questions to aid you achieve mastery of AP® US History.

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